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Elements of Engineering
Electromagnetics
Third Edition
Prentice Hall, 1991
By N. Narayana Rao

Preface

The existing introductory textbooks on engineering electromagnetics can be classified broadly into three categories:

One-semester textbooks based on the historical approach, covering essentially electrostatics and magnetostatics, and culminating in Maxwell's equations with some discussion of their applications.
Two-semester textbooks, with the first half or more covering electrostatics and magnetostatics as in category 1 and the remainder devoted to topics associated with electromagnetic waves.
One- or two-semester textbooks that have deviated from the historical approach, with the degree and nature of deviation depending on the author.

This book belongs to category 3, and the deviation from the historical approach, as originated in the first edition and preserved subsequently, is based on the assertion that as a prerequisite to the first electrical engineering course in fields, most schools have an engineering physics course in which the students are exposed to the historical treatment of electricity and magnetism. The substantial changes to the second edition in the coverage of material are (1) shifting of the topic of energy storage in electric and magnetic fields from the beginning of Chapter 5 to the end of Chapter 4; (2) insertion in Chapter 5 of the section on capacitance, conductance, and inductance; and (3) expansion of the initial section in Chapter 7 to two sections to accommodate discussion of determination of line parameters by numerical techniques, and a slight rearrangement of the material in the second half of that chapter. The 16 PC programs written in BASIC for the IBM PC have been retained and two new programs are included. Thus the flexibility for the use of the book has been preserved so as to facilitate its adoption according to such options as follows:

For a three-credit one-semester course or for a four-credit one-quarter course based on coverage of a combination of chapters, depending on the background preparation of the students and the needs of the curriculum. Some examples are
(a) Chapters I through 6
(b) Chapters 3 through 6 plus parts of Chapters 7, 8, and 9
(c) Chapters 6 through 10
For a two-semester or two-quarter sequence covering the entire book
As a text or supplementary text for a course emphasizing PC-assisted instruction

The thread of development of the material, evident from a reading of the table of contents, is essentially the same as in the second edition. Some of the salient features are the following:

Developing the bulk of the material through the use of the Cartesian coordinate system, to keep the geometry simple, while providing a sufficient number of examples involving the cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems
Discussing materials following the presentation of electric and magnetic field concepts, and prior to the study of Maxwell's equations
Introducing collectively Maxwell's equations for time-varying fields first in integral form and then in differential form
Considering boundary conditions following Maxwell's equations in integral form, and potential functions and associated equations following Maxwell's equations in differential form
Devoting a chapter to the development of selected topics in static and quasistatic fields, in addition to the coverage of static fields in earlier chapters
Obtaining uniform plane wave solutions by considering the infinite plane current sheet source first in free space and then in a material medium
Developing time-domain analysis of transmission lines in a progressive manner beginning with the case of a resistive load and culminating in the discussion of interconnections between logic gates
Presenting sinusoidal steady-state analysis of transmission lines comprising the topics of standing waves, resonance, power transfer, and matching, with emphasis on computer and graphical solutions
Discussing waveguides by first introducing the parallel-plate waveguide by considering the superposition of two obliquely propagating uniform plane waves between two perfect conductors and then extending to rectangular waveguides
Introducing radiation by obtaining the complete field solution to the Hertzian dipole field through the magnetic vector potential, and then developing the basic concepts of antennas

All of the teaching and learning aids employed in the previous editions have been retained: (1) examples distributed throughout the text, (2) discussion of practical applications of field concepts and phenomena interspersed among presentations of basic subject matter, (3) descriptions of brief experimental demonstrations suitable for presentation in the classroom, (4) summary of material and review questions for each chapter, (5) inclusion of drill problems (D) with answers at the end of each section, and (6) marginal notes. In addition, key words (K) are included at the end of each section in this edition. Drill problems and end-of-chapter problems have been extensively rewritten, and half of the PC exercises are new to this edition. Answers are provided for about 40% of the endof-chapter problems. Developed as part of an ongoing effort by the author to enhance the teaching and learning processes in the instruction of introductory electromagnetics (see N. N. Rao, "PC-Assisted Instruction of Introductory Electromagnetics,"lEEE Transactions on Education, February 1990, pp. 51-59), a comprehensive, user-interactive software package, extending the PC programs in the book and including additional topics, is available free of charge. For information, write to the author c/o Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, William L. Everitt Laboratory, 1406 West Green St., Urbana, IL 61801.

I wish to express my appreciation to many colleagues at the University of Illinois who have taught from the second edition during the period January 1987 to August 1990. Listed in alphabetical order are M. T. Birand, D. Brady, K. Y. Cheng, S. L. Chuang, C. Daft, T. A. DeTemple, L. A. Frizzell, S. Gedney, K. C. Hsieh, J. Joseph, P. W. Klock, J. Kolodzey, J. P. Leburton, C. H. Liu, R. L. Magin, P. E. Mast, E. A. Mechtly, H. Merkelo, R. Mittra, H. Morkoc, G. Papen, A. F. Peterson, J. Schutt-Aine, L. G. Smith, R. L. Tanner, R. J. Turnbull, and A. W. Wernik. Thanks are also due to the numerous users of the book at other schools. The evolution of this book and the associated software would not have been made possible without the many opportunities provided to me by my Department Heads since joining the University of Illinois in 1965, E. C. Jordan, G. W. Swenson, Jr., E. W. Ernst, and T. N. Trick, in chronologial order. Many individuals in the department have provided support over the years; I am particularly appreciative of Mrs. Lilian H. Beck, Editor, Publications, in this regard. The typing of the new portions of the manuscript was done by Kelly Voyles in a prompt and skillful manner. As always, I am deeply indebted to my wife Sarojini for her continued understanding and patience.

N. Narayana Rao